An unknown zodiac sign, dating back 2,200 years, has been discovered in Upper Egypt. (photo)

Until recently, archaeologists had never discovered zodiac signs depicted in ancient Egyptian rock art. However, researchers from Macquarie University in Australia recently found an ancient Egyptian petroglyph representing Capricorn in the El-Hosh settlement, as reported by Ancient Origins.

The discovery was made by Dr. Linda Evans and Dr. Frederick Hardtke during fieldwork in Upper Egypt.

"The image of the goat-fish is located in the El-Hosh area among a large number of other petroglyphs and ancient texts. The depiction of the goat-fish, or Capricorn, was found next to another unusual image that resembles a chameleon. These two drawings are situated together on the panel, making it quite mysterious," the archaeologists say.

Initially, the researchers thought it depicted some mythical creature, but further analysis revealed its connection to astrological signs.

It is noted that the earliest representations of Capricorn were found in ancient Mesopotamia. This zodiac sign was discovered on cylindrical seals dated between 2112 and 2004 BC. The sign was associated with the Sumerian god Enki and linked to a specific constellation now known as Capricorn.

The ancient Mesopotamians believed that the stars and planets influenced events on Earth and the lives of people in general. This idea gave rise to the concept of the zodiac, which is fundamental to astrology.

The earliest horoscopes based on the zodiac constellation most prominent at the time of the Mesopotamians' birth appeared around 420 BC. Interest in horoscopes gradually spread from Mesopotamia throughout the ancient world, reaching Egypt by 300 BC.

In Egypt, during the Greek Ptolemaic period, zodiac signs began to be painted on temple ceilings. Similar depictions were created during the Roman era, when zodiac signs started appearing on tombs and even coins.

Researchers believe that the Capricorn petroglyph they discovered was created during the Greco-Roman period. Interestingly, the Capricorn in the image has a straight tail, which indicates Greek influence. The Roman version of the symbol featured a looped tail, which began to appear in Capricorn illustrations at the start of that century.

The motives behind such rock art remain unknown. The creator may have been born under the sign of Capricorn, or simply admired the appearance of the mythical creature. The chameleon petroglyph is located very close to Capricorn, and scientists believe it may also be related to zodiac signs.

As a reminder, researchers found depictions of zodiac signs in the Temple of Khnum. The Esna Temple, also known as the Temple of Khnum, is dedicated to the Egyptian god of fertility and the creator of the world and all beings. Ancient people believed he shaped everything on his potter's wheel using clay.